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The Devon and Somerset Railway (D&SR) was a cross-country line that connected Barnstaple in Devon, England to the network of the Bristol and Exeter Railway (B&ER) near Taunton. It was opened in stages between 1871 and 1873. Running through a rural area it never achieved great importance, although it carried through services to the seaside resort of Ilfracombe for a period. The line closed in 1966. ==History== The Act of Parliament that authorised the D&SR received assent on 29 July 1864. Eugenius Birch was appointed as Engineer, but he was replaced by Richard Hassard in 1870. The first 7¼ mile (12 km) section of the line was opened on 8 June 1871, from Watchet Junction (later Norton Fitzwarren) to on the edge of Exmoor. The remaining 35¾ miles (58 km) to Barnstaple opened on 1 November 1873. The line used its own station at Barnstaple (later to be named Victoria Road), some distance from the rival station at Barnstaple Quay The line was built as broad gauge and operated by the B&ER. The last broad gauge train ran on 14 May 1881, after which the line was converted to standard gauge and reopened on 18 May. In 1884 the Tiverton and North Devon Railway opened from a junction on the D&SR to Tiverton. The Tiverton services started from and ran over the D&SR as far as where they diverged southwards, and that line was later extended to Exeter. In 1890 the GWR appointed a Mrs Towns as signalwoman at Morebath Junction. She is the only recorded example of a signalwoman on any railway in Britain in the 19th century. In October 1913 the ''Railway Magazine'' reported that she was "very proud" of her job after 23 years service and hoped to continue indefinitely. Conversion to standard gauge enabled a connection to the London and South Western Railway at Barnstaple. This was opened on 1 June 1887, after which GWR trains ran through to via Barnstaple and the LSWR. The GWR acquired the Devon and Somerset Railway in 1901.〔 On 1 July 1905 an avoiding line was opened at Barnstaple which allowed through trains to Ilfracombe to run directly to the LSWR station without having to reverse in the D&SR terminus. During the 1930s the line carried heavy traffic on summer weekends and automatic token equipment was installed to allow trains to pass token exchange points at higher speeds. In 1937 the junction at Norton Fitwarren was modified to allow an easier route from the main line, and the single track as far as was doubled. On 1 January 1948 the GWR was nationalised to become partof British Railways. The D&SR station was named from 26 September 1949 to distinguish it from Barnstaple Junction and railway stations, the former Southern Railway stations. Victoria Road station closed to passengers on 12 June 1960, after which all through trains ran directly to Barnstaple Junction. On 1 October 1966 the last train ran on the line; Victoria Road remained open for freight traffic, served from Barnstaple Junction, until 30 May 1970. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Devon and Somerset Railway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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